One possible method of representation and conservation of values determined as Hungarikum is the cultural representation. The representation of cultural values can be realized on several levels and ways. The "szikvíz" or soda water - the ordinary name - as a traditional Hungarian craftsman product is qualified as Hungarikum on the basis of Act XXX. of 2012. (henceforward: Act of Hungarikum) and as a registered product of Euroterritoirs Programme (Countries of Europe Programme) is under community protection. Beyond that it can also be categorized as a food industrial heritage. The goal of my research is the national representation of the soda water as a highlighted food industrial product, which I intend to discuss at a wider interpretational horizon, within the perspective of value declaration. The venue of the research is the 77th edition of the National Agriculture and Food Exhibition (henceforward: OMÉK), which is one of the biggest and oldest agrarian and food industrial event in Hungary with great traditions, where the Hungarikum Pavilion got place in 2015 and amongst the represented products soda water was shown. After the modification of Hungarikum Act in 2015, this was the only occasion when food procucts, which are under national protection, were presented together. With the joint application of qualitative and quantitative filters I search for the answer for the question in my article: by what kind of techniques and strategies could the national representation of soda water, which advertised the profile of 77th OMÉK, be executed and what is the importance of this?

Colour evolution of conventionally and organically cultivated Szegedi-20, Meteorit, Mihálytelki and Kármin spice paprika varieties was studied in green, break, pale red, deep red and over-ripened maturity stages. As the ripening stages forwarded the organic samples gradually lost their initial extractable colour (ASTA value) gain toward their conventional counterparts. The over-ripened colour levels were satisfactorily high in the conventional (169.9-264.8 ASTA) and in the organic (160.8-210.5 ASTA) paprika varieties as well, although the colour accumulation was 9.0-62.8 ASTA lower in the organic samples. Significant and perceptible visual colour differences (ΔE*ab) were found between the organic and conventional crops. The lightness difference (ΔL*) indicated that the organic paprika generally were lighter than the conventional ones. The positive hue difference (ΔH*ab) showed that the colour of deep red and over-ripened organic Szegedi-20, Mihálytelki and Kármin paprika crops were more yellow compared with the conventional group. The lightness (L*) and hue angle (h°ab) were found the most suitable instrumental colour parameters to distinguish the ripening stages and the colour characteristics of the samples. The better colour evolution of conventional crops was attributed to the soil characteristics, nutrient supply and chemical plant protection that were specifically designed for the needs of paprika in the conventional farming.

The eight disciplines (8D – Eight Disciplines of Problem Solving) model is a problem solving approach typically employed by quality engineers or other professionals and commonly used by the automotive industry. It is a meticulous process used to solve complex problems and its purpose is to identify, correct, and eliminate recurring problems, and it is useful in product and process improvement. The 8D is a method of analysis that after the detection of an irregularity, identifies and seeks the methods of solving and preventing nonconformity. It is a highly disciplined and effective scientific approach for resolving recurring problems and provides excellent guidelines to identify the root cause of the problem, implement containment actions, develop and then implement corrective actions and preventive actions that make the problem go away permanently. Therefore, the Eight Disciplines of Problem Solving (8D) is a problem-solving tool used usually in response to the removal parameters or known product specifications set by customers and incorporates all the important aspects of problem solving: problem description, root cause analysis, correcting the problem and preventing the problem. The approach establishes a permanent corrective action based on statistical analysis of the problem and focuses on the origin of the problem by determining its root causes. Although it originally comprised eight stages, or disciplines, it was later augmented by an initial planning stage. The 8D method application will result in improved products and processes is structured into eight disciplines, focusing on the synergy of the team. This is a popular method for problem solving because it is reasonably easy to teach and effective.

This paper will demonstrate the advantages of using a distributed software design for collecting environmental data. The design part will focus on achieving modularity through message queuing technologies. The essential components of the software implementation will be detailed. Finally, the testing results will be disclosed.

Technological advances allow us to control LED (Light Emitting Diode) lighting at home, in the office it can even allow us to change the intensity of the light and this is just the beginning of what the future holds for us. In this study an LED internal lighting fixture of our own design will be presented focusing on each step in its design. Firstly, the features, types and history of LEDs will be presented, next the products available in market that are required for the completion of the device. Finally, the design and implementation as well as the radio frequency controlled LED indoor lighting fixture will be shown.

The whole area of Hungary is the gathering ground of our principal rivers (Duna, Tisza) and some bigger lakes, like Balaton, Fertő lake and Velencei lake. The water isn’t only staff of life; it is one of the most sensitive biotope of world. We suppose to protect our aquatic environment from environmental pollution as such nitrate pollution or eutrophication. Trough agricultural production the nutrient rate increases in water. The weeds begin to pullulate, they are taking up more oxygen from the water, they are necrosis, the depth of warp increases faster so the eutrophication drowns on, and the nitrate rate of rivers increases.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of microfiltration (MF) on the antioxidant capacity of elderberry juice using ceramic membrane. Previous to MF measurements preliminary examination was achieved with different enzymes. Four different samples were prepared: one without any enzyme and three with different pectolytic enzymes. The resistances were determined using the resistance-in-series model and difference between four enzyme-treated samples are evaluated. The effect of this technology on the antioxidant component of the clarified elderberry juice has been evaluated in permeate and retentate samples. For ferric reducing antioxidant power was measured with FRAP and total phenolic content (TPC) was determined with Folin Ciocalteau reagent. The total anthocyanin content (TAC) was estimated using spectrophotometric method. Higher juice yield was obtained using enzyme compared with enzyme-free elderberry pulp. The analytical results show that the MF membrane retained the valuable components in different rate. Significant losses are believed to have occurred after the MF clarification process due to fouling layer resistance, what can be decreased with pectolytic enzymes treatment.

The burial mounds, living mounds, guarding and border mounds (group name is “kurgan”) have been under environmental protection in Hungary since 1996. Besides the fact that they are important elements from archeological point of view, in many cases they reserve valuable remaining parts of onetime steppes, and studying of their buried soils can provide new data to learn more about the ancient environment, flora and the soil-formation processes took place long ago. In this way it can be obtained information about the Holocene climate changes. Our research team had seized the opportunity to examine several kurgans located in the Great Hungarian Plain. Two of them – the Csípő- and Lyukas-mound – has been examined in precise details through the involvement of experts of various disciplines. Due to this cooperation we could extend our researches and knowledge on the biogenic genesis of paleosoils and paleoecology concerning our kurgan studies. Therefore we utilized biomorphic analysis besides pedological investigations. Though the differences in sampling methods were significant, but the existence of a buried, ancient, undisturbed soil profile can be stated. According to morphological description of soil that was done after the kurgan’s excavation and drillings, we conclude that both the modern and paleosoils of the kurgans belong to Chernozem type soils, formed under predominantly arid steppe vegetation. Due to this fact we assume that the ancient environment of both kurgans was similar in many points with the modern landscape. Hence instead of closed forest vegetation rather loess-steppe or semi-shaded steppe can be reconstructed as the former environment of the mounds, which was mosaicly surrounded by water and salt affected areas. These results demonstrate that in the Carpathian Basin the Holocene climate changes are characterized by rather evenness, and but not the previously assumed character changes.

The goal of our experiment is to compose a species-rich seed mixture suitable for soil covering in orchard floor management in organic fruit production systems. Besides selection of traditionally used grass and Fabaceae species we are focusing on the involvement of local fora elements, of the experiment site, approaching a natural meadow-like association. Species of the following plant families are involved: Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Rosaceae, Linaceae, Polygonaceae, Dipsacaceae, Fabaceae, Poaceae. Seeds of selected species were tested to determine germination % before seeding, according to MSZ 6354-3:2008 standard in climate cabinet. Seed treatments (vernalisation, scarification) were carried out according to relevant standard. There were differences in the germination% of commercial and wild collected seed items of Agrimonia eupatoria L, Ajuga genevensis L, Lotus corniculatus L, and Achillea millefolium L. The applied seed treatments resulted significant difference between the treated and non-treated seed items most of the tested species related their germination%. For example in case of Anthyllis vulneraria L it was effective. Scarification was effective for commercial hard seed species like Lotus corniculatus L in our case, but it was not effective for Agrimonia eupatoria L. The aim of the treatments was to select those species which can be seed in the same time, will be easier applied to soil and climatic condition of the experiment site and to determine effect of pre-treatments on germination % of seeds of tested species.

The goal of our experiment is to compose a species-rich seed mixture suitable for soil covering in orchard floor management in organic fruit production systems. Besides selection of traditionally used grass and Fabaceae species we are focusing on the involvement of local fora elements, of the experiment site, approaching a natural meadow-like association. Species of the following plant families are involved: Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Rosaceae, Linaceae, Polygonaceae, Dipsacaceae, Fabaceae, Poaceae. Seeds of selected species were tested to determine germination % before seeding, according to MSZ 6354-3:2008 standard in climate cabinet. Seed treatments (vernalisation, scarification) were carried out according to relevant standard. There were differences in the germination% of commercial and wild collected seed items of Agrimonia eupatoria L, Ajuga genevensis L, Lotus corniculatus L, and Achillea millefolium L. The applied seed treatments resulted significant difference between the treated and non-treated seed items most of the tested species related their germination%. For example in case of Anthyllis vulneraria L it was effective. Scarification was effective for commercial hard seed species like Lotus corniculatus L in our case, but it was not effective for Agrimonia eupatoria L. The aim of the treatments was to select those species which can be seed in the same time, will be easier applied to soil and climatic condition of the experiment site and to determine effect of pre-treatments on germination % of seeds of tested species.

The effect of different salt forms and concentrations were evaluated on the rheological properties of dough made from wheat and rye flours. Our aim was to investigate that how does the sodium chloride change the properties of gluten network and therefore the structure of bakery products and what effects can be experienced when it is substituted by other organic and inorganic salts. Different rheological tests were used to monitor the effects on dough (Farinograph, Alveograph and Extensigraph tests) and on the end-product (texture analysis, sensory analysis). It was found that all the salt forms significantly influenced the rheological parameters of dough and not the sodium chloride addition had the most favourable effect in every case.

Renewables - excluding large hydro accounted for 48% - increased to 15.2% of world cumulative generation capacity in 2014, from 13.8% in 2013. In the EU, the European Parliament approved a reform of the 2020 biofuels target. The new version of the Renewable Energy Directive (RED) distributes the 10% cal. biofuels target into a share for crop-based biofuel (limited at 7% cal.) with the rest to be met with another biofuels and renewable electricity containing multiple counting possibilities.[7] Merely 2% of the EU’s fuel consumption can be covered by its own researches, which looks good pretend a strong dependence on the oil exporting countries. The implementations of biogenic fuels produced from fast growing plant is continuously gaining in importance with regard to economic and environmental effects. Generally they are not offered in their pure form but just as blend components to conventional fuels. [1][3][4] Their mixtures can bring about fundamental feature improvements.[2][5][6] Ethanol fuel output in 2015 reached a peak high helped by rising gasoline demand in the US. Besides, the changes in the fuel taxation in Brazil and an increase in the minimum blending ratio also pushed along the ethanol fuel demand. The weaker euro and low grain prices on the back of a record wheat crop turned into a considerable growth in output in the EU. Disregard the stimulating developments on the legislative side, it must also be confessed that the decreasing crude oil prices took their customs on the 2015 biofuel markets. For ethanol fuel, more growth could theoretically arrive from an extending of E-10 in EU member states. Unnecessary to discuss that an outlook for a post-2020 biofuels target at the EU level does not valid.