Original Article
A series of novel 1,3,4-oxadiazole based Schiff base derivatives were designed and synthesized using the efficient strategy with excellent yields. Synthesized molecules evaluated in vitro antibacterial studies in contradiction of microorganisms, namely Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus megaterium. The bioassay result revealed that most of tested compounds good to moderate inhibition against microorganisms. Some among them show excellent inhibitory effects towards the Gram-positive and Gramnegative bacteria. Besides, the drug-likeness, lipophilicity and cytotoxicity.
Keywords: Schiff base, 1,3,4-oxadiazole, antimicrobial, drug-likeness, cytotoxicity
Research Article
Membrane proteins makeup around one-third of all proteins in the body and play important roles in signal transduction, selective molecular transmission and membrane integrity. They also serve as important drug targets. Therefore, accurate structural and functional analysis of membrane proteins is critical. The extraction and study of membrane proteins is limited due to their amphipathic nature, making them difficult to solubilize in aqueous media. Integral membrane proteins can be extracted from bio-membranes with detergents and purified into detergent micelles, bicelles, bilayers, or other forms of amphipathic molecules. These platforms do not necessarily mimic bio-membranes and, therefore, may not reflect the integral membrane proteins' accurate biological structure and function. Recent studies have introduced better representations of the bio-membrane, such as membrane mimicking nanoparticles, lipid nanodiscs (LNDs) and their variations, and artificial polymers. Due to some limitations described below, there are continuous efforts to develop better platforms that correctly resemble plasma membranes, leading to the correct biological structure and function of membrane proteins for in vitro studies. This mini-review comprehensively summarizes the recent developments of membrane proteins extraction, their advantages and disadvantages.
Keywords: Membrane Protein; Hydrophobic; Transmembrane; Structural Analysis; Lipids.
Review Article
Research Article
Herein we have reported a simple, rapid and efficient synthesis of 7-(substituted phenyl)-5-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)-5,8-dihydro- [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrimidine derivatives. In the present study, PEG-400 was used as an alternative and green reaction solvent in the first step and n-butanol in the second step. The protocol proposed in this work offers advantages, such as common starting materials, simple work-up, shorter reaction time, high yield and absence of the catalyst. The structural elucidation of these compounds is based on mass, IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectral data. All the synthesized compounds have been evaluated for their in vitro antimicrobial and antitubercular activity.
Keywords: triazole, imidazole, antitubercular activity, absence of catalyst, pyrimidine
Magnetic magnesium ferrite nanoparticles have been synthesized through an auto combustion method. The prepared ferrite is characterized by X-ray diffraction, particle size analyzer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry and Mossbauer spectroscopy. It is confirmed that the prepared sample has a cubic structure in nature through XRD. The crystalline size is determined by the Debye Scherrer formula, results are confirmed with particle size analyzer data. The FTIR spectra are used to calculate the force constant of tetrahedral sites and octahedral sites. The morphology and the quantitative analysis of the synthesized sample are studied by SEM and EDAX. The prepared nanoparticles' magnetic properties have been studied at room temperature by means of hysteresis loop measurement using vibrating sample magnetometer and Mossbauer spectroscopy. The value of saturation magnetization, coercive field, and cation distribution of magnesium ferrite is obtained from the magnetic measurements.
Keywords: Ferrite nanoparticles; auto combustion method; X-ray diffraction; vibrating sample magnetometry; Mossbauer spectroscopy.