Várady Tibor (Nagybecskerek, 1939) jurist, lawyer and writer of Hungarian descent from Vojvodina. He is one of the founders and editors of the avantgarde magazine Új Symposion in Novi Sad. He received the title of Doctor of Legal Sciences from Harvard University. He was a visiting professor at Cornell University and the University of Berkeley, a tenured professor at Emory University in Atlanta. As of July 1992 for six months he was Yugoslavia’s Minister of Justice in Milan Panić’s short-lived government. He is a professor emeritus at Emory University in Atlanta and at the Central European University. He was the chairman of the committee of language use for more than ten years after the establishment of the Hungarian National Council in Serbia.
Várady Tibor, international – national – group rights, minority language use, science metrics
Tanulmányok
Jókai’s short stories based on Turkish theme in the Bach era, i.e. in the 1850s, are characterised by sympathy for the Turks and antipathy for the Russians. Due to censorship Jókai could not write overtly about the War of Independence and the struggle, but he used plenty of covert references in his short stories on other topics – classical, exotic, Transylvanian, Hungarian prehistoric, historical and contemporary – as well. The short stories on the subject of the Turkish era can be divided into two groups: on the one hand they are characterised by storytelling, and on the other hand they are more facile anecdotes. The stories are frequently characterised by an elevated style, the anecdotal short stories by humour, occasionally irony. The research of literary history was less concerned with Jókai’s short stories. The anti-Russian aspect of the Véres könyv could not be a topic for obvious reasons during the forty years of the Soviet era, writers did not deal with it, so the current analysis can have a gap-filling function. The present paper is part of my series on the rhetoric of Jókai Mór’s short stories (Adamikné 2021a). The study consists of two parts: in the first part I describe short stories on Turkish themes written in the Bach period, then the second part contains a linguistic-rhetorical analysis of a short story and this short story is a clear instance of the use of unveiling language.
Jókai Mór, Turkish theme, anti-Russianism, Véres könyv, style and argumentation, unveiling language, A sérthetetlen. Egy orosz katona meséjéből
Why is it necessary to rethink stress in prosody and in all the practical aspects of prosody? The unity of a detailed answer and an elaborate solution is provided by Deák-Sárosi László’s monograph and the accompanying list of samples that will be released soon at Hungarian Napló. The greatest problem of the poetic rhythm is that it got separated from the genre of the poem chanted two centuries ago, it became independent and the poem based on text became dominant, which could no longer reconcile the intellectual and the purely metrical stress. The solution is the theory of melody stress, which beside the volume also uses the effect of rising and falling (higher and deeper drop) stress to generate momentum in the so-called recited (not sung) performance of the poem. The author further developed László Zsigmond’s theory of melody stress published in 1961 and the system of stress with the melodic descender after the melodic ascender. The innovation led to a complete rethinking of verse theory, which will be read in the monograph and the list of samples with the metrical analysis of more than a hundred complete poems or longer poem fragments.
theory of melody stress, poem recited, rhythmic stress, intellectual stress, solely metrical stress, volume (dynamic volume tone), melodic ascender, melodic descender
Sport connects or even separates cultures since the social actions and rituals observed at individual sporting events are cultural universals on the one hand, and they are also suitable for highlighting cultural differences on the other hand due to their role in expressing identity. The purpose of the case study is to reveal how the rituals expressing sympathy associated with sports events are suitable for expressing community commitment and fair play in order to connect people, teams and nations. In the study, setting out from the ritual theory of communication, we undertook a qualitative analysis of the specific ritual manifestations that reflected one of the shocking events of the 2021 European Football Championship (Euro 2020), namely, the cardiac arrest of the Danish football player Christian Eriksen.
rituals of communication, sporting events, community commitment, Euro 2020
Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s work entitled Portuguese Sonnets has not yet been analysed in greater depth in Hungarian. The study undertakes to perform the artistic interpretation of the three poems of the volume along translation criticism, motivic and general poetic aspects. From a thematic point of view, love and affection, as well as the related metaphor of death are the focus of the analytical research.
Elizabeth Barrett Browning, Portuguese Sonnets, Kardos László, critique of translation, affection
Gárdonyi 100
October 30, 2022 will be the centenary of Gárdonyi Géza’s death. For the commemoration of the anniversary, as the result of many years of work, Nagy János Ádám developed the technology based on computer science with the help of which, for the first time in nearly a hundred and ten years, it was possible to compare the text versions of the four editions of the Great Book published during the writer’s lifetime. With the application of this method it can be confirmed that the writer consciously developed his texts from edition to edition according to the principles set by himself. We do not publish a comprehensive investigation, but present the writing method of Gárdonyi Géza through examples. We could not endeavour for a complete comparison because we work with a comparison of huge corpus. The four editions contain a total of nearly 45,000 sentences and approximately 2.3 million characters.
Gárdonyi Géza, Eclipse of the Crescent Moon, text version, motivations for altering the text
The teacher Gárdonyi Géza wrote the Catholic Christmas carol Fel, nagy örömre during his teaching in Devecser. It has become a folk song and lives on in many versions to this day. In this article the text of a local (Tüskevár) version is published and other variants are presented as well.
Géza Gárdonyi, Fel, nagy örömre…, Catholic folk song, text variant
Szemle
Egyebek
The third period of the history of Magyar Nyelvőr, edited by József Balassa, falls on the period between the two world wars. In linguistics the theoretical Magyar Nyelv supported by the Academy and the line of Magyarosan language cultivation are separated from the editor’s publication of Magyar Nyelvőr that represents traditions, 19th-century Hungarian linguistics and restrained language cultivation. Another spelling dispute unfolds, which basically ends with the victory of the Linguist’s circle (that of Balassa following Simonyi). Despite this, Nyelvőr weakens and the paper is suspended in 1940 with reference to a general lack of paper.
Balassa József, Trianon and the Hungarian language, Nyelvőrkalauz